Biography of Camilo Cienfuegos, Cuban Revolutionary

Camilo Cienfuegos (February 6, 1932–October 28, 1969) was a leading figure of the Cuban Revolution, along with Fidel Castro and Chà © Guevara. He defeated Batista forces at the Battle of Yaguajay in December 1958, and after the triumph of the Revolution in early 1959 he took on a position of authority in the Army. Cienfuegos is considered one of the greatest heroes of the Revolution and every year Cuba celebrates the anniversary of his death. Fast Facts: Camilo Cienfuegos Known For: Cienfuegos was a key guerilla leader in the Cuban Revolution.Also Known As: Camilo Cienfuegos Gorriarà ¡nBorn: February 6, 1932 in Havana, CubaDied: October 28, 1959 (Presumed dead after his plane disappeared over the Straits of Florida)Education: Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes San AlejandroNotable Quote: Vas bien, Fidel  (Youre doing fine, Fidel)  (Uttered during a revolutionary rally in 1959 after Fidel Castro asked Cienfuegos how his speech was going) Early Life Camilo Cienfuegos Gorriarà ¡n was born in Havana, Cuba, on February 6, 1932. As a young man, he was artistically inclined; he even attended art school but was forced to drop out when he could no longer afford it. Cienfuegos went to the United States for a time in the early 1950s in search of work but returned disillusioned. As a teenager, he became involved in protests of government policies, and as the situation in Cuba worsened, he became more and more involved in the struggle against president Fulgencio Batista. In 1955, he was shot in the leg by Batistas soldiers. According to Cienfuegos, that was the moment at which he decided he would strive to free Cuba from the Batista dictatorship. Revolution Cienfuegos moved to Mexico, where he met up with Fidel Castro, who was putting together an expedition to head back to Cuba and start a revolution. Camilo eagerly joined up and was one of 82 rebels packed into the 12-passenger yacht Granma, which left Mexico on November 25, 1956, and arrived in Cuba a week later. The Cuban Army discovered the rebels and killed most of them, but a small group of survivors was able to hide and later regroup. The 19 rebels spent several weeks in the Sierra Maestra mountains. Comandante Camilo As one of the survivors of the Granma group, Cienfuegos had a certain prestige with Fidel Castro that the others who joined the revolution later did not. By the middle of 1957, he had been promoted to comandante and had his own command. In 1958, the tide began to turn in favor of the rebels, and Cienfuegos was ordered to lead one of three columns to attack the city of Santa Clara (another was commanded by Chà © Guevara). One squad was ambushed and wiped out, but Guevara and Cienfuegos ultimately converged on Santa Clara. The Battle of Yaguajay Cienfuegoss force, joined by local farmers and peasants, reached the small army garrison at Yaguajay in December 1958 and besieged it. There were about 250 soldiers inside under the command of Cuban-Chinese captain Abon Ly. Cienfuegos attacked the garrison but was repeatedly driven back. He even tried putting together a makeshift tank out of a tractor and some iron plates, but the plan was not successful. Eventually, the garrison ran out of food and ammunition and surrendered on December 30. The next day, the revolutionaries captured Santa Clara. (Today, a museum in Cienfuegos honor—the Museo Nacional Camilo Cienfuegos—stands in Yaguajay.) After the Revolution The loss of Santa Clara and other cities convinced Batista to flee the country, bringing the revolution to a close. The handsome, affable Cienfuegos was very popular, and upon the success of the revolution was probably the third most powerful man in Cuba, after Fidel and Raà ºl Castro. He was promoted to head of the Cuban armed forces in early 1959. In this capacity, he assisted the new Castro regime as it made changes to the Cuban government. Arrest of Matos and Disappearance In October 1959, Fidel Castro began to suspect that Huber Matos, another one of the original revolutionaries, was plotting against him. He sent Cienfuegos to arrest Matos, as the two were good friends. According to later interviews with Matos, Cienfuegos was reluctant to carry out the arrest, but followed his orders and did so. Matos was sentenced and served 20 years in prison. On the night of October 28, Cienfuegos flew back from Camaguey to Havana after completing the arrest. His plane disappeared and no trace of Cienfuegos or the airplane was ever found. After a few frantic days of searching, the hunt was called off. Death Cienfuegos’s disappearance and presumed death have caused many to wonder if Fidel or Raà ºl Castro had him killed. There is some compelling evidence on both sides, and historians have not yet reached a conclusion. Given the circumstances of the case, it is possible that the truth will never be known. The case against: Cienfuegos was very loyal to Fidel, even arresting his good friend Huber Matos when the evidence against him was weak. He had never given the Castro brothers any cause to doubt his loyalty or competence. He had risked his life many times for the Revolution. Chà © Guevara, who was so close to Cienfuegos that he named his son after him, denied that the Castro brothers had anything to do with Cienfuegoss death. The case for: Cienfuegos was the only revolutionary figure whose popularity rivaled Fidel’s, and as such was one of a very few people who could go against him if he wished. Cienfuegos’s dedication to communism was suspect—for him, the Revolution was about removing Batista. Also, he had recently been replaced as head of the Cuban Army by Raà ºl Castro, a sign that perhaps they were planning to move on him. Legacy It will probably never be known for sure what happened to Cienfuegos. Today, the fighter is considered one of the great heroes of the Cuban Revolution. He has his own monument at the site of the Yaguajay battlefield, and every year on October 28 Cuban schoolchildren throw flowers into the ocean for him. Cienfuegos also appears on Cuban currency. Sources Brown, Jonathan C. Cubas Revolutionary World. Harvard University Press, 2017.Kapcia, Antoni. Leadership in the Cuban Revolution: the Unseen Story. Fernwood Publishing, 2014.Sweig, Julia. Inside the Cuban Revolution: Fidel Castro and the Urban Underground. Harvard University Press, 2004.

The Challenge of Diversity Essay - 2173 Words

When America was founded, it was established on freedom and equality for all people, at first religious freedom, but eventually freedom of speech, press, petition, and more. In time, America began to be known as a â€Å"melting pot† of cultures as more and more people came because they wanted this freedom; the more people who came though, the more problems America had. There were too many cultural discrepancies between people, and ultimately America, the country based on freedom and equality, faced challenges concerning diversity. So, why do we need diversity? As America grows, the differences in cultures among individuals become colossal. People are becoming closed-minded about others who are disparate from themselves, which creates†¦show more content†¦Wouldn’t you want to know where that child’s family is coming from? We need talk to those around us who are from dissimilar cultures and ethnicities. 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A Synopsis of the Movie, Ip Man 2 Legend of the Grandmaster Free Essays

Period 4 – Films Literature 8/19/20 The movie that I find the best would be Ip Man 2 Legend of the Grandmaster directed by Wilson Yip. Ip Man 2 Legend of the Grandmaster is an action packed martial arts film, this movie being a semi-biographical cinema is based on a real person in history which makes the move even more interesting and exciting. Ip Man 2 Legend of the Grandmaster not only has an action packed side but also has a heartfelt side by putting in Yip Man’s tough life after world war two. We will write a custom essay sample on A Synopsis of the Movie, Ip Man 2: Legend of the Grandmaster or any similar topic only for you Order Now This movie also has spectacular fghting scenes choreographed by Sammo Hung a renowned in the martial arts department. Y Ip Man 2 Legend of the Grandmaster demonstrates what every martial arts movie needs, action! Yip Man is a martial arts teacher which basically says that his skills surpass all. A fight scene that stood out for me was a fight that was set in a fish market. Yip went to the fish market to save a pupil of his and the rescue turned into an all-out brawl, a huge one! The brawl was on a scaled of about two to sixty and Yip showing his skills defended himself throughout the entire fght unscathed! The fight scenes show the passion and dedication that Yip had for Wing Chun. Although this being a martial arts movie you wouldn’t expect much of a storyline rather than Just a brawl fest to brawl fest, but that is what separates this movie form the rest. In the first movie Yip Man was a rich man but that change after the Japanese invaded China in world war two. Now in the sequel Yip Man tries to start a martial arts class but things do not turn out right, people didn’t pay when he asked and he was unaware of a rule put down by the city. So Yip Man is yet to face another tribulation and he conquers it. Also his wife is a bigger part in this movie making her role bigger by showing the relationship her and Yip have and what a big impact she has on him. This movie also shows the tribulations that the Chinese race had to deal with. The British were put as the antagonist; they abused the Chinese and used them as dogs. This harass they receive requires the Chinese to band together and get their honor back in a brawl. This fght is very honorable and inspiring because it shows that you can overcome anything together. Ip Man 2 Legend of the Grandmaster is a movie that I will always love and a movie that I will watch over and over again and I will not tire of it. It has beautiful fghting scenes and story line is very touching. This movie is my favorite movie. How to cite A Synopsis of the Movie, Ip Man 2: Legend of the Grandmaster, Papers

Listening Language Acquisition Challenges -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Listening Language Acquisition Challenges? Answer: Introduction Tallkaholic scale is known as the measure compulsive communication. This diagnostic tool helps to identify my skills of compulsive communication. By utilizing this particular tool, I found some of the areas of compulsive communication, which should be avoided or controlled, for my own benefits. I strongly agree with the fact that I tend to remain quiet when I really need to speak. Specifically, when I am in a meeting or in a group and we are in the discussion of a topic, where everyone is giving his or her opinions and then when my time comes, I remain quite. In addition, there are certainly some situations; I talk a lot than usual. Such tendency sometimes affects my verbal communication. We develop verbal communication to keep each other informed so that we could disseminate the relevant and significant information. Moreover, the verbal communication is required to resolve a problem. However, in some of the areas of compulsive communication, I found myself losing control over the co nversation. According to Talkaholic Scale I scored 32, which indicates that I am not fully competent to control my tendency of talking at most of the time. I agree with the fact that I am hardly find myself quiet even for my own advantages. Nonetheless, it is a rare incident that I speak more than I should. Thereby, I do not have any particular opinion on this element of compulsive communication. Diagnostic tool Findings of Personal Report of Intercultural Communication Apprehension (PRICA) This diagnostic tool is helpful when I identify areas of communication apprehension in the intercultural context. I derived 65 in this particular diagnostic tool, which indicates a high intercultural ability. I agree that in general I am much comfortable in interacting with a group of people belonging to different cultural backgrounds. I also disagree with the fact that I do not get tense and nervous during the interaction of people from different culture. I agree with the fact that I preferably get involved in a group discussion with others who belong to different cultural backgrounds. On the other side, I also disagree with the fact that involving in-group discussion with the people from different cultural background makes me nervous. I understand that while communicating with the people of different culture, it is necessary for every individual to remain calm and relaxed and this behavior or actions could make others who are involved in the communication, uncomfortable. I strongly defend my characteristic that during the conversation with an individual from a different culture, I do not fear. It is certain to feel nervous while communication with a group of people of other culture but I understand the fact if I get nervous or tense I would not be able to present my views. In order to improve communication or to get rid of the weaknesses in communication, I should not fear or grow the anxiety of speaking. Moreover, during the conversation with the people of other culture, I believe that the individual should pay attention to other person speaking, as this helps to brush up listening skills. Diagnostic tool- The findings of Non-verbal Immediacy Scale Self-Report (NIS-S) In the non-verbal immediacy Scale- Self Report I scored 90. This diagnostic tool is directly related to areas of my non-verbal communication. I agree with the statement that I often use my hands and arms to gesture during the interaction with other people. However, I do not grow any tendency of touching others shoulders while taking to people. Nonetheless, I agree with the fact that using arms and putting hands on the shoulders of others could be effective when I am talking to my friends or the person I know very well. I understand that the use of monotonous tone during the conversation could affect the theme or the subject of the conversation. I do not move when someone touches during the conversation. It is a fact that while communicating with an unknown individual, both the parties might not prefer to touch each other. Touching or putting arms on shoulder only happens when both individuals known each other or they have a friendly or comfortable zone. I tend to maintain a relaxed b ody position when I talk to people. Likewise, I also believe that if I frown while communicating with others, it could make other individual uncomfortable. Diagnostic tool- Findings of Tolerance for Disagreement Scale (TFD) It is identified that the tolerance for disagreement scale is developed to measure the range to which a person could tolerate other people by disagreeing with what other person says or believes to be true. The diagnostic tool based on the statements provided indicates that I have a high TFD score. I preferably involve in a conversation where others have contradictory views. Generally, I like to talk to people with different points view as it helps me to learn new things and rectify my own judgment. However, I do not agree with the fact that disagreement could be helpful always. Disagreement is not always effective in a conversation but when the situation occurs, I do not prefer to change the topic of the discussion. Disagreement in a conversation indicates negativity or problem; thereby, continuing the conversation could provide the solution of the disagreement. Moreover, I also have the tendency to enjoy arguing with people about the elements on which there is a state of disagreemen t. However, I also found that sometimes disagreement leads to intense argument, which further affects the conversation. People become assertive or they tend to show assertive characteristics such as aggression. Nonetheless, I do not nourish any such assertive characteristic. Diagnostic tool- Findings of Willingness to listen diagnostic It is universally known that listening is one of the significant skills, which potential leaders imply as being critical to effective communication. Listening can be improved by several ways such as attending the classes, attending in the lecture session, etc. I scored 70 in listening skills. I usually do not dislike the individuals who are boring speakers. Hence, I believe that not all individuals in a group can be active speakers. Listening a boring speaker helps to realize how I can improve those areas or aspects I found in a boring speakers. In general, I may not like attending a conversation or lecture event where is a noise or chaos but I insist on listening to such speakers so that I could deal with my nature of being monotonous in the middle of a conversation. However, I find it difficult to listen to speakers even if others things linger in my mind. Nonetheless, I cannot deal with non-responsive speakers I lose my patience in the middle of the conversation. Two communication issues identified requiring development One of the major issue I found is talkaholic nature. I speak a lot when it is not necessary. On the contrary, when I should speak or present my views, I remain silent. Moreover, during a conversation in a group where everyone is giving their feedbacks but my mind is occupied with other irrelevant things that are necessary in that time. This is a significant issue, as it could affect my communication skill when I will be involved in a professional interaction. Lack of willingness to listen Another significant issue I found from the above presented findings and analysis is my lack of willingness to listen. I have poor listening skills, as during a meeting or in lengthy conversation, I often lose my patience and I start feeling bore in the middle of the conversation. Such poor listening skills affects my professional career because several official meeting take place in my organization where, I am not able to understand the theme of the strategies due to poor listening skills. Thereby, I need to develop my listening skills so that my communication would be improved. Reflecting on two recent professional interactions and analyzing them with the key communication issues discussed above Based on the findings and analysis presented in the above, I found that I face significant issues particularly in compulsive communication. I am agreeing with the result embedded in the talkaholic diagnostic tool. I recall one incident that makes me realize that I am talkaholic and such characteristics bothers others. During my internship in a medium sized firm, I had a healthy professional relationship with my operational manager. My manager used to remain quiet, which means he does not speak much unless it is required. Whenever, he used to ask me about the progress of the work, I usually start a long conversation with him, which makes him irritated and he indicates that he is not interest to listen further. Another incident I recall, which is related to lack of willingness to listen. I was supposed to operate a promotional event about the launch of a service by my organization where I am doing an internship. My business heads gave me a brief about the event in an official meeting but the meeting took a lot of time and it was lengthy. Therefore, in the middle of the meeting I lost my patience and my mind remained busy with others things. Such poor intention of listening affected the entire event. I realized that I am not an active listener; an active listener would have grabbed each element of the conversation and conveyed to others in a positive manner. Moreover, in the meeting, there was a constant noise in the meeting room as there were some construction works in the building. Thus, due to the chaos and noise I withdrew my attention from the meeting. As I presented the findings above that noise breaks my concentration of listening. Literature Review- As put forward by Men (2014) there are some of people who are driven to talk more than usually an individual does. Experimental data in the study conducted by Penn Watermeyer (2012) indicates that variability in peoples talking behavior has often been the subject of several study studies particularly in the field of communication. Talkaholic nature is often considered as compulsive communication disorder. Talkaholic nature universal problem that affects peoples normal functioning in personal relation as well as social activities. Concept of Talkaholic- According to Samuels et al., (2014) an individual who does not have control over his/her talks is known as talkaholic and some people consider this nature as compulsive communication disorder. The individuals who are diagnosed with talkaholic characteristics often remain silent when they need to talk or sometimes, there could be some situations where such individual would talk a lot when it is not genuinely not required. A study conducted by Mataix?Cols et al., (2016), mentioned that a co-worker, well known for his talent and creativity was promoted to run a group of individuals in the workplace. The promoted supervisor acquired the gift of gab and talked persistently with the co-worker. The author mentioned that most of the time, the topic is not related to work. Consequently, supervisors talk affected organizational productivity and employees started complaining to senior management. Eventually, the individual had to face a demotion in the career. However, according to the existing papers on compulsive communication a significant difference exists between a person who talks much and an individual who is compulsive in their talk. As put forward by Phutela (2015), an individual who talks too much can go through the issue of quality talk, whereas an individual with compulsive disorder has a problem of quantity talk. However, no study has yet addressed the accuracy of their distinction. In this context, McCroskey et al., (2014) raised the question on whether these individuals are different or they are same as each other. Thereby, Mataix?Cols et al., (2016) provided an example that Person A prefers the conversation about politics and initiate a one-sided interaction with Person B. Individual B is uncomfortable in discussing the politics as well as holds different political view from individual A, who persistently discusses his stance on the current topic. Finally when the conversation ends, the person B remains fully in disagreement with the argument and he mentions to others that person A talks too much. Thus, in such a context, person A is not necessarily talkaholic. On the other hand, Person B is uses a quanti tative term to assess a perceived qualitative issue. Olatunji et al., (2013) also mentioned that one significant explanation for the above mentioned discrepancy is that if an individual does not like what someone says, a significant way of describing that particular response is refer to the person who speak too much. Thereby, speak too much remains as a negative quantitative term for a negative qualitative reaction. So, it might be difficult for an individual who spends a large amount of time talking to other individual regarding As positive qualities, although such behavior could be embarrassing to person A. In this context, McCroskey et al., (2014) commented that people who talk too much usually have a quality issue with their communication. Phutela (2015) also raised the issue whether the individual who speak too much are labeled in such way, as their style of communication and level of competency are lacking. Olatunji et al., (2013) in their experimental study mentioned that such individuals tend to ignore cues to stop talking and discuss topics that could be annoying as well as embarrassing. A study conducted by Koran and Simpson (2013), also indicates the fact that people who are by nature compulsive in communication often face a pure amount of quantity issue. Hence, the major concern that surrounds them is the amount of time they invest in talking during the interaction. Thus, as the purpose of the future study, Phutela (2015), believed that compulsive speakers have an issue of quantity, which could set them apart from other individuals or communicators. In another study on communication conducted by Rispoli et al., (2014) mentioned that some individuals with compulsive communication characteristics tend to believe that their compulsive behavior helped them to become flexible with others Compulsive Communication disorder treatment As put forward by Mataix?Cols et al., (2016), cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) provides a significant talking treatment which focuses on addressing the connection between ones feelings, and behavior. It helps the individual to develop practical skills to deal with any negative patterns of behavior that could be causing the individual difficulties. It can be implemented with one to one pattern, or in a group. Thompson-Hollands et al., (2014) on their experimental study is strongly recommended for compulsive communication disorder. Exposure Response Prevention also helps to deal with obsession of compulsive talking and prevent the urges to implement compulsion. As put forward by Mller et al., (2014) CBT should be carefully managed to ignore anxiety and distress; thereby, it is significant that an individual understands treatment completely. Topic two- Lack of willingness to listen There are several reasons behind a poor listening skills but Aldera and Mohsen (2013) mentioned that a lack of motivation remains as significant challenge to listening. The supervisors who should be listening could be daydreaming or making individual plans. In this context, Renukadevi (2014) mentioned that motivation or incentive often remains as the prevalent issue in the listening technique. An experimental study conducted by Chang and Millett (2013), showed that individual score effectively on listening achievement tests when they learn in advanced that they are going to be examined compared to the fact when they just know are supposed to listen. On the other side, Oduolowu and Oluwakemi (2014) mentioned that scores on listening test increases when the incentive to listen increases. Findings provided in these papers indicate the fact that listening could be a hard work, people can expect great amount of effort when the goals is known and the listeners could observe a positive resu lt of the effort. According to Siegel (2013) lack of willingness could appear before listening even begins. For example, if a individual intentionally or unconsciously decides not to listen, the listening skills would be of no advantages. However, the question is why would a supervisor lacks willingness to listen? A study conducted by Aldera and Mohsen (2013) indicates most of the people rather prefer to talk instead of listening; in fact, when they ask a question , they could certainly interrupt the first sentence of the response. Likewise, the listener may stereotype the speaker as one who has very little to contribute as well as not worthy listening to. In addition, the listener could lack intention because that person might not want to receive negative information. As put forward by McCroskey et al., (2014), defensive behavior behavior sometimes works against listening. Hence, some supervisors might consider a small attack on their opinions as an attack on them personally As the result, they could support the defense. Here, this defense could involve the verbal attack that further, prevents the possibility for listening. Furthermore, the internal noise, such as employee chaos in the workplace could be a significant barrier to listening. On the other side, environmental noise in the external environment could compete with the major topic of interest, which also remains as the barrier. Limitation of the literature The above-mentioned literatures have mainly focused on how issues of communication appear in communication. The studies have provided a solid definition of the issues related to talkholic communication and willingness to listening. However, the papers did not provide any theoretical views or use of models to justify the facts. The studies have demonstrated how talkaholic characteristics of an individual affect others but it did not term the issue with theories. Moreover, hardly any study found an adequate solution for enhancing the listening skills. Particularly, a study conducted by Chang and Millett (2013) discussed in the literature review only talk about how an individual lose patience in listening but the study did not pay required to attention to solutions of the identified barriers. Action plan Type of activities Current performance Things I need to improve Time required Session for controlling Talkaholic attitude (Compulsive talking treatment) I have observed that I talk a lot on situations, which is unnecessary. The exaggeration of the topic affects the audience and thereby results to ineffective communication. The social acceptance of such communication, which is undertaken by me, is negligible. I believe that I am required to bring in changes in the structure of the speech. I am required to get a hold of the topic in order to stop myself from exaggerating on the same. I suppose that writing down the message would also help me in initiating the practice. A steady speech therapy would also helps in outnumbering the issue that is being faced by me. It will be helping me to outline the context and speak accordingly. 2-3 months Training to improve Attentiveness and concentration Inattention has caused several impacts on the effectiveness of the messages that are being conveyed. I have noticed that I face a serious issue while attending lectures due to the inattentiveness. It affects the priority of the message and the understanding of the same. The proper understanding of the message helps in the identification of the different contexts that are being addressed in the lectures. I am required to improve on my attentiveness in order to facilitate the proper understanding and the interpretation of the messages that are being conveyed. The most important steps that I must undertake is to make improvements in the attentiveness. I have planned a short session in order to bring in improvements in the attentiveness. Meditation sessions will be helping in the promotion of the attentiveness. I believe the sessions will be helping in bringing about changes in the communicative abilities and enhance the concentration which is much required for undertaking effective communication. 4-5 months Perception and cognitive development The lack of perception affects the understanding and the interpretation of the message that is being conveyed. I believe that I lack in the proper implementation of perception and the cognitive abilities to relate. It affects the communication through the misunderstandings. The proper understanding of the different issues that are being faced by me relating to the perception has affected the total idea of the message. I must take steps in order to bring in changes in the perception and the cognitive abilities. In order to do so, I must undertake a session in order to bring in changes in the mindset and the perceiving power. The clarity and brevity of the message is useful for a start. However, there are issues that might be faced by the proper implementation of the elements of the cognition. The abilities have helped in undertaking ways for the better functioning of the communication systems. 6-8 months Table one 1: Action plan (Source: Self-Made) Elements January-March April-June July-September Compulsive communication training Improvement of attentiveness Perception and cognitive development Table 2: Gantt Chart References Aldera, A. S., Mohsen, M. A. (2013). Annotations in captioned animation: Effects on vocabulary learning and listening skills.Computers Education,68, 60-75. Chang, A. C., Millett, S. (2013). The effect of extensive listening on developing L2 listening fluency: Some hard evidence.ELT journal,68(1), 31-40. Jenifer, R. D., Raman, G. P. (2015). Cross-cultural communication barriers in the workplace.Internafional Journal of Management,6(1), 348-351. Koran, L. M., Simpson, H. B. (2013). 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